يؤدي العمل دورًا مهماًّ في حياة الفرد، فمن خلاله يحقق حاجاته المتنوعة التي تتراوح بين حاجات أساسية تشمل الحاجات البيولوجية والحاجة إلى الأمن حسب )هرم ما سلو( كالسكن والصحة، وحاجات نسبية تؤدي دورًا في تكوين شخصيته وحصوله على التقدير والاحترام والاستقلالية، لذا فإن عدم تحقيق تلك الحاجات التي يتوقعها الموظف في عمله، وعدم القدرة ع ىل التحكم في بيئة العمل قد تؤدي إلى ظهور مجموعة من المشكلات النفسية كالقلق والاكتئاب والضغط النفسي التي تمثل الصدارة بين المظاهر النفسية السلوكية التي يتعرض لها الأفراد في عصرنا الحالي، لذا ينبغي أن نكون منتبهين لها، مخططين لنتائجها القريبة والبعيدة. وإن عدم الرضا وشعور الفرد بالضغوط النفسية التي أصبحت تمثل إحدى الظواهر الإنسانية التي تصاحب التعقيدات المتسارعة التي واكبت عملية التطور في العالم اليوم، وتنعكس ع ىل كثير من جوانب الحياة المختلفة، إلى درجة أن كثيرًا من الباحثين قد وصفوا القرن الحالي بأنه ع رص الضغوط النفسية والاحتراق النف يس، وع ىل الرغم من أن التقدم في إحراز المعرفة المتعلقة بالضغط وديناميته يعد مهمًّ جدًّا؛ نظرًا لما يسمح به من فهم في كيفية تأثير الحياة العملية ع ىل توازن الفرد وصحته، إلا أنه لم يتم بعد الاعتراف به من طرف المشرع كمرض مهني حقيقي، في حين يمكن اعتبار كثير من الأمراض النفسية السوماتية، أمراضًا ترتبط بالمعاناة في العمل، وبهذا الشكل تستفيد من نظرة مغايرة ويتم التكفل بها في إطار المؤسسة.
Abstract The present book deals with the psychological burnout. This topic is relatively a new issue and a complicated phenomenon. More researches and academic questionnaires are presented to examine the psychological burnout during the recent decades. Such academic contributions are advanced. Nevertheless, these are deficient to present a theory that can assist in comprehending the issue under discussion. All previous researches are related to the psychology fields. From the psychological approach pertinent to the social psychology and occupational psychology and the different branches and fields associated with the psychological burnout contribute on the understanding of the phenomenon of psychological burnout. The understanding of this phenomenon can be realized by utilizing the different kinds of knowledge from the narrowest field (Nervous Biological Psychology) to the widest field (Sociology). Such different kinds of knowledge, in general, affirm that the psychological burnout is associated with important problems related to work. Therefore, the understanding of such problems requires the comprehension of both the individual personality and work environment. The present study focuses on the police profession. This profession is one of the five professions that are most stressful on the world scope. It is categorized among the fields of humanitarian services. Accordingly, it always confronts impediments and stresses that prevent the policeman from playing his required role. Hence, the policeman may feel that he lacks the ability to perform his duty with the expected efficiency. The policemen encounter some stresses associated with the nature of their duties (such as the nature of role, the usage of weapons and the stresses they encounter). Any policeman is put under stresses to present beneficial contributions and suffers from the stressful work conditions. Hence, he may be subject to the psychological burnout. The present book includes five chapters: The first chapter presents the problem of the study and its dimensions. It demonstrates the research problem and identifies its questions and hypotheses. It clarifies the objectives, importance and limits of the research. Lastly, it highlights the most important terminology included for research and investigation; The second chapter describes the theoretical framework of the study. It contains basic elements; the psychological burnout, the behavioral patterns of personality, the strategies employed for confronting stresses and achieving security; The third chapter focuses on the methodological procedures of the study. It offers the methodology of the study and the characteristics of the research sample. It explains the way of sample selection and the research place. Also, it shows the tools used for data collection after affirming its veracity and validity. It presents an overview on the mechanism governing the application and analysis of such tools; The fourth chapter demonstrates, analyzes, interprets and discusses the findings in the light of the statistical processing of data. It associates these findings with the theoretical framework and interprets them in the light of previous pertinent literary works; and The fifth chapter includes a conclusive section, findings and recommendations. The most important findings are presented as under: 1.There are variances of statistical significance among the levels of psychological burnout. These differences depend on the strategies of confrontation that concentrate on both duty and emotions; 2.The three dimensions of psychological burnout level vary according to the personal behavioral pattern. There are variances of statistical significance for the levels of emotional exhaustion and dullness according to the gender; 3.There are variances of statistical significance for the dimension of the duty strategy. These differences are based on the level of psychological burnout and the type of behavioral pattern among the employees of national security; 4.There are no significant variances relative to the dimensions of the psychological burnout among the security employees commensurate to their family statuses. Also, the differences have not realized the level of statistical significance among the individuals that analyzes the dimensions of psychological burnout and work system; 5.There are significant variances associated with the dimensions of emotional exhaustion and personal achievement of work among the individuals. In other words, the levels of emotional exhaustion and personal achievement of work differ according to the gender; and 6.There is a relationship that associates seniority, personal behavioral pattern and work system with the emotional exhaustion. The most important recommendations are as follow: 1.The characteristics of the personal patterns should be paid more attention during the process of occupational selection. This covers, in particular, the professions that are most subject to exhaustion. Also, the human resources should be given a priority during the development of the institutional performance; 2.The employee should not be assigned to assume responsibilities and perform duties exceeding his functional capabilities and skills
Abstract The present book deals with the psychological burnout. This topic is relatively a new issue and a complicated phenomenon. More researches and academic questionnaires are presented to examine the psychological burnout during the recent decades. Such academic contributions are advanced. Nevertheless, these are deficient to present a theory that can assist in comprehending the issue under discussion. All previous researches are related to the psychology fields. From the psychological approach pertinent to the social psychology and occupational psychology and the different branches and fields associated with the psychological burnout contribute on the understanding of the phenomenon of psychological burnout. The understanding of this phenomenon can be realized by utilizing the different kinds of knowledge from the narrowest field (Nervous Biological Psychology) to the widest field (Sociology). Such different kinds of knowledge, in general, affirm that the psychological burnout is associated with important problems related to work. Therefore, the understanding of such problems requires the comprehension of both the individual personality and work environment. The present study focuses on the police profession. This profession is one of the five professions that are most stressful on the world scope. It is categorized among the fields of humanitarian services. Accordingly, it always confronts impediments and stresses that prevent the policeman from playing his required role. Hence, the policeman may feel that he lacks the ability to perform his duty with the expected efficiency. The policemen encounter some stresses associated with the nature of their duties (such as the nature of role, the usage of weapons and the stresses they encounter). Any policeman is put under stresses to present beneficial contributions and suffers from the stressful work conditions. Hence, he may be subject to the psychological burnout. The present book includes five chapters: The first chapter presents the problem of the study and its dimensions. It demonstrates the research problem and identifies its questions and hypotheses. It clarifies the objectives, importance and limits of the research. Lastly, it highlights the most important terminology included for research and investigation; The second chapter describes the theoretical framework of the study. It contains basic elements; the psychological burnout, the behavioral patterns of personality, the strategies employed for confronting stresses and achieving security; The third chapter focuses on the methodological procedures of the study. It offers the methodology of the study and the characteristics of the research sample. It explains the way of sample selection and the research place. Also, it shows the tools used for data collection after affirming its veracity and validity. It presents an overview on the mechanism governing the application and analysis of such tools; The fourth chapter demonstrates, analyzes, interprets and discusses the findings in the light of the statistical processing of data. It associates these findings with the theoretical framework and interprets them in the light of previous pertinent literary works; and The fifth chapter includes a conclusive section, findings and recommendations. The most important findings are presented as under: 1.There are variances of statistical significance among the levels of psychological burnout. These differences depend on the strategies of confrontation that concentrate on both duty and emotions; 2.The three dimensions of psychological burnout level vary according to the personal behavioral pattern. There are variances of statistical significance for the levels of emotional exhaustion and dullness according to the gender; 3.There are variances of statistical significance for the dimension of the duty strategy. These differences are based on the level of psychological burnout and the type of behavioral pattern among the employees of national security; 4.There are no significant variances relative to the dimensions of the psychological burnout among the security employees commensurate to their family statuses. Also, the differences have not realized the level of statistical significance among the individuals that analyzes the dimensions of psychological burnout and work system; 5.There are significant variances associated with the dimensions of emotional exhaustion and personal achievement of work among the individuals. In other words, the levels of emotional exhaustion and personal achievement of work differ according to the gender; and 6.There is a relationship that associates seniority, personal behavioral pattern and work system with the emotional exhaustion. The most important recommendations are as follow: 1.The characteristics of the personal patterns should be paid more attention during the process of occupational selection. This covers, in particular, the professions that are most subject to exhaustion. Also, the human resources should be given a priority during the development of the institutional performance; 2.The employee should not be assigned to assume responsibilities and perform duties exceeding his functional capabilities and skills